The researcher known by the name of Hans Christian Oersted observed in how a magnetic needle could be deflected by the effect of an electric current. The magnetic needle was a composition of a needle-shaped magnet. This experiment was known as Oersted experiment and revealed the existence of a connection between electricity and magnetism. Until this time they were two different elements as well as gravitation and electricity.
In this article we are going to tell you what the Oersted experiment consists of and what its characteristics and reflections are. It must be borne in mind that, at that time, current technology did not exist to be able to carry out research and statements in the scientific method. Oersted's experiment manifest that there was a connection between electricity and magnetism.
Everything originated thanks to the analogy that exists between magnetism and electricity. It is this analogy that caused a search to be made in the relationship that exists between them and that can explain the characteristics in common.
The first attempts to investigate a possible relationship between the electric charges of magnets did not give many results. What they did show is that by putting objects that were electrically charged near magnets, a single force was exerted between them. This force is of global attraction like the one that exists between any object charged with electricity and a neutral object.
In this case, the object is the magnet. The magnet and the electrically charged object attract but cannot be oriented.
This indicates that no magnetic interaction takes place between them. By setting up a compass through a wire carrying an electric current, Oersted showed that moving electrons can create a magnetic field. Students explore the relationship between electricity and magnetism. Per Student: Pocket compass One-foot 30 cm length of fairly thick wire, insulated or bare.
What happens to the compass when the wire is connected to the battery? What happens to the compass when you change the direction of the electric current?
How does the compass needle move when the compass is below the wire? Above the wire? Details Activity Length 20 mins. The magnetic field created by the current goes in circles around the wire. Objectives Students explore the relationship between electricity and magnetism. When a current was switched on through a wire, it made a compass needle turn so that it was at right angles to the wire. The current had produced a magnetic field strong enough to cause the compass needle to turn. Background to the experiment It was already known that an electric current in a wire has a heating effect, and may cause the wire to glow.
This showed that the three phenomena of electricity, heating and lighting were connected. Question: How can we show that an electric current has a heating effect, and can also result in light? Scientists draw on evidence from everyday life; they try to understand the evidence through experimentation. Experimenters imagined that, if an electric current flowed along a straight wire, then the magnetic field it produced would be in the same direction. So they placed their compass needles at right angles to the wire, thinking they would be deflected by the current so that they became parallel to the wire.
They saw no effect because, as Oersted was to show, the magnetic field produced is at right angles to the wire. So preconceptions prevented earlier experimenters from seeing the effect. Note that the available equipment —voltaic piles, typically — would only produce a small current, so the effect would in any case have been very weak. Experiment: Set a compass pointing north-south; place a wire above it, lying east-west. Connect to a 1.
There should be no effect. Might it not also result in a magnetic field, radiating away? Answer: It might be expected to point radially to the wire.
Try it, and the magnet does not do this. So magnetic field lines do not radiate out from a current-carrying wire. He connected a voltaic pile to a platinum wire and showed that it became hot and glowed. As he lectured, his idea about a connection between electricity and magnetism resurfaced in his mind.
He had a compass to hand for other experiments he intended to demonstrate , so he decided to test his idea there and then.
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