Coenzyme Q CoQ or Ubiquinone is a naturally occurring quinone that is found in most aerobic organisms from bacteria to mammals. It was first identified in , and isolated from the mitochondria of the beef heart, in The various types of Coenzyme Q can be distinguished by the number of isoprenoid side-chains they have.
The most common Coenzyme Q in human mitochondria is CoQ The 10 refers to the number of isoprene repeats.
CoQ10 is ubiquitous in human tissues, although its level is variable. The level of CoQ10 is the highest in organs with high rates of metabolism such as the heart, kidney, and liver , The primary biochemical action of CoQ10 is as a cofactor in the electron-transport chain, in the series of redox reactions that are involved in the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate.
As most cellular functions are dependent on an adequate supply of Adenosine triphosphate ATP , CoQ10 is essential for the health of virtually all human tissues and organs.
Coenzyme Q10 is one of the most significant lipid antioxidants, which prevents the generation of free radicals and modifications of proteins, lipids, and DNA. In many disease conditions connected with increased generation and the action of reactive oxygen species ROS , the concentration of coenzyme Q10 in the human body decreases[ 1 , 2 ] and the deficiency of coenzyme Q10 leads to the dysfunction of the respiratory chain, which is due to the insufficient production of highly energetic compounds, which decrease the efficiency of cells.
CoQ10 is a micronutrient that is at the core of all life processes in the body and is the molecule essential for ATP energy formation. We naturally synthesise CoQ10 in every cell and can obtain low concentrations from dietary sources. However, from around 20 years of age, our natural ability to produce CoQ10 begins to decline. People with cardiac issues could particularly benefit from CoQ10 and ubiquinol.
CoQ10 has been recommended by many practitioners to support heart health. This is because the high energy requirements of muscles — such as the heart muscle — mean that greater concentrations of mitochondria are to be found in muscles and, therefore, CoQ10 and ubiquinol. Increasing your CoQ10 intake could, therefore, help improve energy production in your heart muscle.
Both forms of CoQ10 are naturally present in the body, however, our body needs to convert CoQ10 into ubiquinol before it can be used to create energy. This is why ubiquinol is a popular choice for people over the age of For those looking to address established health concerns, ubiquinol is an excellent choice to restore a healthy baseline.
Furthermore, ubiquinol is the only known fat-soluble antioxidant made naturally in the body, a unique property not shared by the ubiquinone form of CoQ Heart failure is often a consequence of other heart conditions, such as coronary artery disease or high blood pressure 8. These conditions can lead to increased oxidative damage and inflammation of the veins and arteries 8 , 9. Heart failure occurs when these problems affect the heart to the point that it is unable to regularly contract, relax or pump blood through the body 8.
To make matters worse, some treatments for heart failure have undesirable side effects, such as low blood pressure, while others could even further reduce CoQ10 levels In a study of people with heart failure, treatment with CoQ10 for two years improved their symptoms and reduced their risk of dying from heart problems Also, another study treated people with CoQ10 or a placebo for a year.
At the end of the study, those in the CoQ10 group had been hospitalized less frequently for worsening heart failure and had fewer serious complications It seems that treatment with CoQ10 could assist with restoring optimal levels of energy production, reduce oxidative damage and improve heart function, all of which can aid the treatment of heart failure 8.
Summary: CoQ10 seems to help treat heart failure by improving heart function, increasing ATP production and limiting oxidative damage. Female fertility decreases with age due to a decline in the number and quality of available eggs. CoQ10 is directly involved in this process.
As you age, CoQ10 production slows, making the body less effective at protecting the eggs from oxidative damage Supplementing with CoQ10 seems to help and may even reverse this age-related decline in egg quality and quantity. Similarly, male sperm is susceptible to the effects of oxidative damage, which may result in reduced sperm count, poor sperm quality and infertility 14 , Several studies have concluded that supplementing with CoQ10 may improve sperm quality, activity and concentration by increasing antioxidant protection 15 , Summary: The antioxidant properties of CoQ10 could help improve sperm quality and reduce the decline in the number and quality of eggs in women.
These agents can be internal or external. Some internal damaging factors include cellular damage and hormonal imbalances. External factors include environmental agents, such as UV rays Harmful elements can lead to reduced skin moisture and protection from environmental aggressors, as well as the thinning of the layers of the skin 17 , Applying CoQ10 directly to the skin can reduce the damage from internal and external agents by increasing energy production in skin cells and promoting antioxidant protection In fact, CoQ10 applied directly to the skin has been shown to reduce oxidative damage caused by UV rays and even decrease the depth of wrinkles Lastly, people with low levels of CoQ10 seems to be more likely to develop skin cancer Summary: When applied directly to the skin, CoQ10 can reduce sun damage and increase antioxidant protection.
Supplementing with CoQ10 may also help decrease the risk of skin cancer. Abnormal mitochondrial function can lead to an increased calcium uptake by the cells, the excessive production of free radicals and decreased antioxidant protection. This can result in low energy in the brain cells and even migraines Since CoQ10 lives mainly in the mitochondria of the cells, it has been shown to improve mitochondrial function and help decrease the inflammation that may occur during migraines In fact, a study showed that supplementing with CoQ10 was three times more likely than a placebo to reduce the number of migraines in 42 people One larger study showed that 1, people with low CoQ10 levels experienced fewer and less severe headaches after treatment with CoQ10 Summary: Supplementing with CoQ10 seems to help prevent and treat migraines, as it increases mitochondrial function and reduces inflammation.
Oxidative stress can affect muscle function, and thus, exercise performance However, be sure to take this supplement under your doctor's supervision.
CoQ10 supplements appear to be safe and to produce few side effects when taken as directed. The safety of use of CoQ10 during pregnancy and breast-feeding hasn't been established.
Don't use CoQ10 if you're pregnant or breast-feeding without your doctor's approval. There is a problem with information submitted for this request. Sign up for free, and stay up-to-date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID, plus expert advice on managing your health. Error Email field is required. Error Include a valid email address. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information and to understand which information is beneficial, we may combine your e-mail and website usage information with other information we have about you.
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